Obesity Surgery
What is Obesity Surgery?
Obesity Surgery; It is the surgery performed to help us lose weight. There are many types of surgery. It is never the first choice. Obesity surgery can be applied in cases where successful results cannot be obtained in obese patients after diet, exercise and medication.
Who is the right candidate For Obesity Surgery?
Obesity surgical method is suitable for people who have applied all other treatment methods before surgery but have not been successful.
Patient selection is made according to the body mass index.
- If the body mass index is above 40, the patient can be operated.
- If there is an additional disease between 35 and 40 (hypertension Type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea syndrome, high triglycerides, heart disease, hypoventilation syndrome, fatty liver), surgery may be recommended.
- If the body mass index is between 30 and 35, blood sugar cannot be controlled with medical treatments. Surgery may be recommended for diabetic patients.
What are the Obesity Surgery Procedure Types?
There are various surgical techniques used in obesity with the developing technology. The choice of surgery is decided by the doctor and the patient together, depending on the patient’s condition.
Gastric Ballon
The simplest method to help lose weight is gastric balloon application. In this method, a balloon filled with fluid or air in the stomach with the help of an endoscope is placed under mild anesthesia. This process takes 15-20 minutes. Thus, the food intake capacity of the stomach is reduced and rapid saturation is achieved.
With this method, patients can lose 7-8 kg in a few months. However, this balloon can remain in the body for 6 months, a maximum of 1 year and is removed in 5-6 minutes by endoscopic way.
It is one of the most applied methods to lose weight in the world. In this method, 80-90% of the stomach is removed and the stomach is turned into a tube. The calorie intake of the person is reduced. Sleeve gastrectomy is also performed with the closed (laparoscopic) method in a period of one to two hours.
The length of stay in the hospital is two to three days. After the surgery, patients can switch to normal food after consuming liquid for two weeks and soft foods for the next two weeks. Vitamin supplements may be required.
In this surgical method, the fundus area of the stomach is completely removed and the release of the Ghrelin hormone is prevented, thus reducing the appetite of the person.
After this surgery, people can lose an average of 80% of their excess weight within 1 year. After this surgery, care should be taken to chew the foods thoroughly and to consume them in small portions. In addition, exercise should not be forgotten. In order not to regain the weight lost, especially high-calorie liquid foods with refined sugar should be avoided.
Tube Stomach
It is one of the most applied methods to lose weight in the world. In this method, 80-90% of the stomach is removed and the stomach is turned into a tube. The calorie intake of the person is reduced. Sleeve gastrectomy is also performed with the closed (laparoscopic) method in a period of one to two hours.
The length of stay in the hospital is two to three days. After the surgery, patients can switch to normal food after consuming liquid for two weeks and soft foods for the next two weeks. Vitamin supplements may be required.
In this surgical method, the fundus area of the stomach is completely removed and the release of the Ghrelin hormone is prevented, thus reducing the appetite of the person.
After this surgery, people can lose an average of 80% of their excess weight within 1 year. After this surgery, care should be taken to chew the foods thoroughly and to consume them in small portions. In addition, exercise should not be forgotten. In order not to regain the weight lost, especially high-calorie liquid foods with refined sugar should be avoided.
Gastric By-Pass
In these methods, the stomach is basically divided into two parts via one big piece and one small piece. With the newly formed small stomach, a part of the small intestine from the beginning and the duodenum are skipped and reunited.
Two situations are targeted.
- First, the calorie intake of the person is restricted,
- Second, the absorption of the foods eaten is reduced.
These methods are also successfully applied laparoscopically today. Gastric Bypass surgeries are one of the most common bariatric surgical procedures in the world.
It is one of the most effective methods in solving obesity and obesity related health problems. Weight loss can continue for up to 1.5 years.
Postoperative follow-up is important. Patients may need to take vitamins for a long time. It is important that they are in contact with dietitians and physicians about their nutrition.
Duodenal Switch
Since the Duodenal Switch process directly affects the metabolism, it causes more weight loss. It is an applicable method especially for people with BMI more than 50 Kg / m2.
In this surgery, both food intake is restricted and the absorption of food intake is reduced. It is an effective method in the treatment of diabetes, hypertension and high cholesterol diseases due to excess weight. It is an effective surgery in patients who consume fatty foods, as it is an application that reduces fat absorption.
Although it is among the surgical methods that provide the most weight loss in obesity surgery, it is not used very often due to the excess of surgery and postoperative complications. After this surgery, malodorous chronic diarrhea and vitamin and protein deficiencies due to decreased fat absorption are common.
Mini Gastric By-Pass
It is a more easily applicable modification of gastric bypass surgery. After a long stomach pouch is formed, the small intestine part 2 meters from the beginning is combined with the stomach pouch. Although the operation time is shorter and the cost is less, the effect of having type 2 diabetes and weight loss is very successful.
The most important disadvantage; except for the pouch formed as RNY gastric bypass dad, the rest of the stomach may not be endoscopically visualized and patients may need vitamin intake in the long term.
What should be done Before Obesity Surgery?
First of all, the person is examined in detail by the surgeons. After the doctor decides whether he is suitable for surgery, he informs the patient about obesity surgery.
After the patient is also accepted, it is evaluated by cardiologists, chest diseases, psychologists and anesthesiologists, endocrinology and metabolic diseases.
In addition, gastric endoscopy, abdominal ultrasonography, and many laboratory tests are performed on the patient before surgery.
How is Obesity Surgery Performed?
Operations are performed by an experienced surgical team with laparoscopic (closed) method under general anesthesia.
After the operation is over, the patient can be taken to intensive care overnight for observation purposes, sometimes with the recommendation of the patient and the anesthesiologist. Patients who are out of this situation are sent to their rooms when they fully awaken from anesthesia.
What should be done After Obesity Surgery?
After a successful surgery, patients should be careful to get rid of obesity and to have a healthy and quality life.
After the necessary controls are made in the hospital and then the patient is discharged, the treatment process continues.
The diet program deemed appropriate by the dietician and the surgeon performing the operation should be carefully followed by the patient.
The patient should not exercise during the processes indicated by the doctor and should not interfere with their regular controls.
Obesity Surgery Frequently Asked Questions
Which Obesity Surgery Is More Suitable For You?
The type of surgery to be performed is decided jointly by the General Surgery Specialist experienced in obesity surgery in our clinics and the relevant specialists consulted according to the patient’s needs.
In this decision, the patient’s history, habits and other diseases, if any, are taken into consideration. You can contact our experienced surgeon and get detailed information about the obesity surgery that suits you.
Post-Operation Weight Loss
Nutrition is an issue that needs attention after bariatric surgery. General weight loss continues for up to 1 year.
We must establish a new eating habit and lifestyle after surgery. We shouldn’t continue with our old habits. We should eat more protein.
In addition to regular and healthy nutrition, we should not forget about permanent weight loss exercises. Do not stop in contact with your dietician and doctor.